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READ TEXT I AND ANSWER THE FIVE QUESTION THAT FOLLOW IT


TEXT I


National Assessment Reform: Core Considerations for Brazil


    Education has been an integral part of Brazil’s success story. With expanded access to basic education and improvements in literacy rates, young Brazilians are entering today’s workforce with higher levels of education than previous generations. This educational progress has contributed to and benefited from the economic growth that helped improve living standards and, during the first decade of the millennium, lifted more than 29 million people out of poverty. Trend data from the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) reveal that Brazil’s increasing school participation rates have been realised alongside progress in education quality. This is a remarkable achievement considering that many of the new students progressing through the education system come from disadvantaged backgrounds and often lack the socio-economic support that helps enable learning. Nevertheless, PISA also reveals that the overall performance of Brazil’s education system is well below the OECD average and other emerging economies, such as parts of China and the Russian Federation. One reason for this is Brazil’s high share of students who do not achieve baseline proficiency, or Level 2 in PISA. Results from PISA 2018 show that 50% of Brazilian students failed to reach Level 2 in reading, meaning they can only complete basic tasks. Brazil’s share of low-performers was even higher in Mathematics and Science (68% and 55%, respectively). At the other end of the spectrum, few students in Brazil were able to answer more difficult PISA questions, like inferring neutrality or bias in a text, which require skills that are increasingly important in today’s world. The new approach to education, set out in the BNCC, aims not only to ensure that all students achieve basic cognitive skills but also develop the higher-order skills needed to solve complex problems of everyday life.



Adapted from: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/333a6e20- en.pdf?expires=1728831657&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=CD292865CAA9F4B A019D2FE4378B5D2D

The verb phrase in “Education has been an integral part of Brazil’s success story” is in the

Sobre as características da pólis na Grécia Antiga, analise as afirmativas a seguir e assinale (V) para a verdadeira e (F) para a falsa.



( ) A acrópole era uma área estratégica na pólis grega usada para defesa militar e onde se discutiam questões políticas e administrativas.


( ) A estrutura social da pólis grega era composta por uma população homogênea que compartilhava os mesmos direitos e deveres.


( ) A economia da pólis grega tinha como base principal a agricultura e o comércio no Mediterrâneo.


Assinale a opção que apresenta a sequência correta, segundo a ordem apresentada.  

READ TEXT I AND ANSWER THE FIVE QUESTION THAT FOLLOW IT


TEXT I


National Assessment Reform: Core Considerations for Brazil


    Education has been an integral part of Brazil’s success story. With expanded access to basic education and improvements in literacy rates, young Brazilians are entering today’s workforce with higher levels of education than previous generations. This educational progress has contributed to and benefited from the economic growth that helped improve living standards and, during the first decade of the millennium, lifted more than 29 million people out of poverty. Trend data from the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) reveal that Brazil’s increasing school participation rates have been realised alongside progress in education quality. This is a remarkable achievement considering that many of the new students progressing through the education system come from disadvantaged backgrounds and often lack the socio-economic support that helps enable learning. Nevertheless, PISA also reveals that the overall performance of Brazil’s education system is well below the OECD average and other emerging economies, such as parts of China and the Russian Federation. One reason for this is Brazil’s high share of students who do not achieve baseline proficiency, or Level 2 in PISA. Results from PISA 2018 show that 50% of Brazilian students failed to reach Level 2 in reading, meaning they can only complete basic tasks. Brazil’s share of low-performers was even higher in Mathematics and Science (68% and 55%, respectively). At the other end of the spectrum, few students in Brazil were able to answer more difficult PISA questions, like inferring neutrality or bias in a text, which require skills that are increasingly important in today’s world. The new approach to education, set out in the BNCC, aims not only to ensure that all students achieve basic cognitive skills but also develop the higher-order skills needed to solve complex problems of everyday life.



Adapted from: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/333a6e20- en.pdf?expires=1728831657&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=CD292865CAA9F4B A019D2FE4378B5D2D

Based on Text I, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).


( ) The three opening sentences convey an encouraging outlook.


( ) In 2018, PISA showed Brazilian students scored higher in Mathematics and Science than in reading.


( ) According to the 2018 results, most Brazilian students are able to perceive bias in texts.


The statements are, respectively:

Acerca do papel da escola nas sociedades modernas e democráticas, leia o trecho a seguir.


A escola tem igualmente a função de coordenar, na vida mental de cada indivíduo, as diversas influências dos vários meios sociais em que ele vive. Um código prevalece na família; outro, nas ruas; um terceiro, nas oficinas ou nas lojas; um quarto, nos meios religiosos. Quando uma pessoa passa de um desses ambientes para outro, fica sujeita a impulsos contraditórios e acha-se em risco de desdobrar-se em personalidades com diversos padrões de julgar e sentir, conforme as várias ocasiões. Este risco impõe à escola uma função fortalecedora e integradora.


DEWEY, John. Democracia e educação. São Paulo: Companhia Editora Nacional, 1979.


Segundo o trecho acima, assinale a afirmativa correta.

Leia o trecho a seguir.


A maioria das pessoas tende a pensar que a História Cultural aborda a cultura superior, a Cultura com C maiúsculo. Então, o leitor pode querer uma palavra de explicação. Enquanto o historiador das ideias esboça a filiação do pensamento formal, de um filósofo para outro, o historiador etnográfico estuda a maneira como as pessoas comuns entendiam o mundo. Tenta descobrir a cosmologia, mostrar como organizavam a realidade em suas mentes e a expressavam em seu comportamento. Não tenta transformar em filósofo o homem comum, mas ver como a vida comum exigia uma estratégia. Operando ao nível corriqueiro, as pessoas comuns aprendem a “se virar” e podem ser tão inteligentes, à sua maneira, quanto os filósofos. Mas, em vez de tirarem conclusões lógicas, pensam com coisas, ou com qualquer material que sua cultura lhes ponha à disposição, como histórias ou cerimônias.


Adaptado de: DARNTON, Robert. O grande massacre dos gatos. E outros episódios

da História cultural francesa. Rio de Janeiro: Graal, 1986, p. XIV.



Assinale a opção que descreve corretamente a compreensão do autor sobre o objeto de estudo da História Cultural.

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