Questões sobre Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

#Questão 1085891 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, CESPE / CEBRASPE, 2025, ANM, Especialista em Recursos Minerais - Especialidade: Direito

Researchers have unveiled long “hidden” and finely detailed tattoo designs on the skin of ancient mummies from Peru, a study reports. Tattoos were a prevalent art form in pre-Hispanic South America, as attested by the discovery of mummified human remains in the region with preserved skin decoration that date back centuries, and even millennia.

While such body art works can provide insights into ancient cultures, tattoos are known to fade and bleed over time — a process compounded in mummies by the decay of the body. This often means that the original designs are difficult to make out.

In the latest study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a team of researchers used a technique known as laser-stimulated fluorescence (LSF) to examine tattoos on mummified individuals belonging to the pre-Hispanic Chancay culture of what is now coastal Peru.

The mummified remains that team of researchers examined were originally discovered in 1981 at the Cerro Colorado cemetery archaeological site in the Huaura Valley of Peru. The LSF technique revealed “exceptionally fine” and previously unknown details of the ancient tattoos.

The team managed to identify intricate geometric and zoomorphic (representing animal forms) designs that were “very surprising” because they demonstrate a higher degree of artistic complexity than any other existing Chancay artwork, including on pottery and the culture's renowned textiles. The art of tattooing was clearly important to the Chancay, as evidenced by the high proportion of tattooed individuals among known mummified remains from the ancient culture.

Hidden Tattoos Revealed on 750-Year-Old Ancient Mummies: ‘Very Surprising’.

Internet: <newsweek.com> (adapted).

Based on the preceding text, judge the following item.

The newly revealed tattoos lack the intricacies found in other forms of Chancay artwork.

C) Certo

E) Errado

#Questão 1130132 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, INAZ , 2025, Prefeitura de Bocaina do Sul - SC, Professor de Inglês

Read the text below and identify its textual genre:
"The rapid urbanization witnessed in the 21st century has led to profound transformations in societal structures. This phenomenon, driven by economic, technological, and demographic factors, necessitates a reevaluation of urban planning strategies to ensure sustainable development. The integration of green technologies and community-centric policies is paramount in addressing the challenges posed by overpopulation and resource depletion."
(Attributed to an Unknown Source)
Based on the structure and purpose of the text, select the alternative that CORRECTLY identifies its textual genre.

A)

Argumentative, because it presents a thesis on the impacts of urbanization and advocates specific solutions to the challenges discussed.

B)

Narrative, because it describes events related to urbanization in chronological order and includes central characters.

C)

Descriptive, because the text merely describes urbanization and its characteristics without presenting critical analysis.

D)

Academic, because it uses formal language and provides numerical data about 21st-century urbanization.

E)

Descriptive-narrative, because it combines the presentation of facts with the structuring of events in a temporal sequence.

#Questão 1089796 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, CESPE / CEBRASPE, 2025, TRF - 6ª REGIÃO, Técnico Judiciário – Área: Apoio Especializado – Especialidade: Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Informação

It’s like a 21st century version of Frankenstein’s monster.

Switzerland-based startup FinalSpark claims to have built a unique computer processor made from 16 mini brains developed out of human brain tissue — and they are positioning this “living computer” as an alternative to silicon-based computing. And now, other researchers can remotely access the startup’s biocomputer, the Neuroplatform, to conduct studies on, let’s say, artificial intelligence, which typically requires enormous resources.

“One of the biggest advantages of biological computing is that neurons compute information with much less energy than digital computers,” a scientist and strategic advisor wrote in a company blog post. It is estimated that living neurons can use over 1 million times less energy than the current digital processors we use. The startup takes brain organoids, small samples of human brain tissue derived from neural stem cells, and places them in a special environment that keeps these organoids alive. They then hook up these mini brains to specialized electrodes to perform computer processing and digital analog conversions to transform neural activity into digital information.

The concept of living computers has been around for quite some time now. Last year, for instance, scientists hooked up neurons to electrical circuits, resulting in a device that could perform voice recognition. These unusual machines have some noteworthy advantages over their silicon-based counterparts, including a significantly smaller carbon footprint. “This is one of the reasons why using living neurons for computations is such a compelling opportunity. Apart from possible improvements in AI model generalization, we could also reduce greenhouse emissions without sacrificing technological progress,” she said.

FinalSpark hopes other institutions will tap its Neuroplatform in order to advance biocomputer research, while positioning this tool as the next step in AI computing. As AI companies clamor for resources for data centers, with concerns growing over carbon emissions and water, it’s a novel approach that may just pay off in the long run.

Internet:<futurism.com/neoscope> (adapted).

Based on the preceding text, judge the item that follow.

Biocomputers are more efficient than standard computers because they take less time than the latter to process the same information.

C) Certo

E) Errado

#Questão 1130133 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, INAZ , 2025, Prefeitura de Bocaina do Sul - SC, Professor de Inglês

"Artificial Intelligence: A Double-Edged Sword"

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has transitioned from a futuristic concept to an integral part of daily life. From virtual assistants and recommendation algorithms to advanced robotics and autonomous vehicles, AI has permeated various sectors, promising unprecedented levels of efficiency and innovation. Proponents argue that AI has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by enabling faster diagnoses, improve education through personalized learning experiences, and address global challenges such as climate change through predictive modeling. However, the rapid integration of AI into society has not been without controversy. Critics raise alarms over ethical dilemmas stemming from its deployment. Concerns include the displacement of millions of jobs as automation replaces human labor, the erosion of privacy due to pervasive surveillance technologies, and the potential misuse of AI in creating deepfakes or autonomous weapons. Moreover, there are fears that AI systems, if left unchecked, could exacerbate existing inequalities by embedding biases into algorithms or concentrating power in the hands of a few corporations and governments.

Adding to these challenges is the looming question of control. Experts debate whether AI, in its pursuit of optimizing tasks, could surpass human oversight and act in ways that conflict with human values. This raises the specter of existential risks, as advanced AI could inadvertently or deliberately cause harm on a global scale. While international organizations have begun discussions on regulating AI development, a global consensus remains elusive, leaving many unanswered questions about the future of humanity in an AI-driven world.

(Attributed to an Unknown Source)

Based on the text, select the CORRECT alternative.

A)

The text presents AI as a universally beneficial tool, emphasizing its capacity to eliminate global inequalities.

B)

Critics are primarily concerned with the limited application of AI in healthcare and education.

C)

The text highlights both the transformative potential and the significant risks associated with AI integration into society.

D)

One of the main challenges of AI, according to the text, is its inability to optimize tasks effectively without human intervention.

E)

International agreements have already established comprehensive regulations to mitigate the risks of AI development.

#Questão 1089797 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, CESPE / CEBRASPE, 2025, TRF - 6ª REGIÃO, Técnico Judiciário – Área: Apoio Especializado – Especialidade: Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Informação

It’s like a 21st century version of Frankenstein’s monster.

Switzerland-based startup FinalSpark claims to have built a unique computer processor made from 16 mini brains developed out of human brain tissue — and they are positioning this “living computer” as an alternative to silicon-based computing. And now, other researchers can remotely access the startup’s biocomputer, the Neuroplatform, to conduct studies on, let’s say, artificial intelligence, which typically requires enormous resources.

“One of the biggest advantages of biological computing is that neurons compute information with much less energy than digital computers,” a scientist and strategic advisor wrote in a company blog post. It is estimated that living neurons can use over 1 million times less energy than the current digital processors we use. The startup takes brain organoids, small samples of human brain tissue derived from neural stem cells, and places them in a special environment that keeps these organoids alive. They then hook up these mini brains to specialized electrodes to perform computer processing and digital analog conversions to transform neural activity into digital information.

The concept of living computers has been around for quite some time now. Last year, for instance, scientists hooked up neurons to electrical circuits, resulting in a device that could perform voice recognition. These unusual machines have some noteworthy advantages over their silicon-based counterparts, including a significantly smaller carbon footprint. “This is one of the reasons why using living neurons for computations is such a compelling opportunity. Apart from possible improvements in AI model generalization, we could also reduce greenhouse emissions without sacrificing technological progress,” she said.

FinalSpark hopes other institutions will tap its Neuroplatform in order to advance biocomputer research, while positioning this tool as the next step in AI computing. As AI companies clamor for resources for data centers, with concerns growing over carbon emissions and water, it’s a novel approach that may just pay off in the long run.

Internet:<futurism.com/neoscope> (adapted).

Based on the preceding text, judge the item that follow.

FinalSpark has designed a computer processor based on human brain tissue rather than silicon.

C) Certo

E) Errado

Questões sobre Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

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