Questões sobre Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

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#Questão 1115618 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, VUNESP, 2025, SEDUC-SP, Professor de Educação Básica II - Inglês

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Has technology facilitated teachers’ work?
Or reduced teacher burnout?


      When we set out to study pandemic-related changes in schools, we thought we’d find that learning management systems that rely on technology to improve teaching would make educators’ jobs easier. We believed technology would mean positive stimulus to teachers. Instead, our data and analyses showed that teachers whose schools were using learning management systems had higher rates of burnout.

      During the phenomenon of the covid-19 pandemic, when schools across the country were under lockdown orders, schools adopted new technologies to facilitate remote learning during the crisis. These technologies included learning management systems, which are online platforms that help educators organize and keep track of their coursework.

     We were puzzled to find that teachers who used a learning management system such as Canvas or Schoology reported higher levels of burnout. Ideally, these tools should have simplified their jobs. We also thought these systems would improve teachers’ ability to organize documents and assignments, mainly because they would house everything digitally, and thus, reduce the need to print documents or bring piles of student work home to grade.

   However, the data told a different story. Instead of being used to replace old ways of completing tasks, the learning management systems were simply another thing on teachers’ plates.


(David T. Marshall, Teanna Moore & Timothy Pressley, 01.07.2025. Disponível em: https://theconversation.com. Adaptado)
In the sentence from the fourth paragraph “Instead of being used to replace old ways of completing tasks, the learning management systems were simply another thing on teachers’ plates.”, figurative language in the bold expression is used to mean that the learning management systems

#Questão 1115619 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, VUNESP, 2025, SEDUC-SP, Professor de Educação Básica II - Inglês

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Compensatory Strategies


     A common set of communication devices involves compensation for missing knowledge. These are called “compensatory strategies”. We will elaborate here on three of them.

   Typical of beginning-level learners, for example, is the memorization of certain phrases or sentences without internalized knowledge of their components. These memorized chunks of language, known as prefabricated patterns, include “on the way to”, “Nice to meet you”, “I don’t speak English.” Prefabricated patterns are sometimes the source of some fun. In my first days of Kikongo learning in Africa, I tried to say, in Kikongo, “I don’t know Kikongo” to those who attempted to converse with me; I later discovered that, instead of saying “Kizeyi Kikongo ko”, I had said “Kizoiele Kikongo ko” (I don’t like Kikongo).

    Code-switching is the use of a first or third language within a stream of speech in the second language. Learners in the early stages of acquisition might code-switch—use their native language to fill in missing knowledge—whether the hearer knows that native language or not. Sometimes the learner slips in just a word or two, in the hope that the hearer will get the gist of what is being communicated.

    Yet another common compensatory strategy is a direct appeal for help, often termed appeal to authority. Learners may, if stuck for a particular word or phrase, directly ask a proficient speaker or the teacher for the form (“How do you say            ?”). Or they might venture a possible guess and then ask for verification from the proficient speaker. They might also appeal to a bilingual dictionary for help. The latter case can also produce some rather amusing situations. Once a student of English as a second language, when asked to introduce himself to the class and the teacher, said, “Allow me to introduce myself and tell you some of the ...” At this point he quickly got out his pocket dictionary and, finding the word he wanted, continued, “some of the headlights of my past.”


(H. Douglas Brown. Disponível em: Principles of language learning and teaching, 2006. Adaptado)
In the context of the third paragraph, the expression “get the gist of” means to

#Questão 1115185 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, UFF, 2025, UFF, Residência - Clínica Médica de Cães e Gatos

How the Human Body Changes in Space


For years, TRISH (The Translational Research Institute for Space Health) has supported research projects and studies that aim to solve the challenges of human exploration in space. It is important that we know, first, the risks to human health during space travel. Understanding some of these risks (see below) is essential for a successful return to the moon in NASA’s Artemis missions.

Muscles

Astronauts experience decreased muscle mass, strength, and endurance because moving around requires reduced work from the legs and back. As a result, the muscles can begin to weaken or atrophy. To help combat this, astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) have a strict exercise regime.

Neurological

In space missions, astronauts can experience disorientation, space motion sickness, and a loss of sense of direction, making completion of even basic tasks difficult. In an emergency, decreased sensorimotor function and postural stability could be dangerous.

Cardiovascular

In space, astronauts may face decreases in blood volume and aerobic capacity, while also experiencing increased arrhythmias. Although the cardiovascular system functions well in space, the body does not require as much work from the heart (still a muscle, after all) in microgravity. This could lead to deconditioning and a decrease in the size of the heart.


Available at: https://www.bcm.edu/academiccenters/space-medicine. Access: 30 Dec. 2023. Adapted. 
The aim of the text is to:

#Questão 1108781 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, Marinha, 2025, EAM, Aprendiz Marinheiro

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Brazil concluded the Paris 2024 Olympic Games with 20 medals, representing its second-best performance in the country's history. The Brazilian delegation secured three gold medals, seven silver medals, and ten bronze medals, placing the country 20th in the medal count and 12th in total podium finishes.  
In France, women athletes from Brazil made history by breaking long-standing records and achieving unprecedented success. For the first time, women outperformed men, securing more medals in a single Olympic Games. Of the 20 medals, 12 were won by women in events designated for female competitors, including one in a mixed judo team competition, while the men claimed seven.
The Bolsa Atleta program (Athlete Scholarship Program) was instrumental in driving these achievements. This federal funding initiative was vital for the success of every Brazilian medalist at the event. Among the 60 medalists in Paris - 48 women and 12 men - 100% are current or former participants in the Bolsa Atleta program.  

Adapted from htips:/iwww.gov.br/secom/enfiatest-news/2024/08 

Say if the statements below are T (true) or F (false). Then, mark the cosrect option. 

( ) Brazilian athletes secured a total of twelve medals in the 2024 Olympic Games. 
( ) Brazil‘was placed twentieth in total podium finishes in the 2024 Olympic Games. 
( ) Brazilian male athletes won more medals than the female competitors in Paris. 
( ) Bolsa Atleta is a program that funds athletes and was crucial for Brazil's success in Paris. 
( ) Al the sixty medalists in Paris were somehow supported by the Bolsa Atleta Program. 

#Questão 1118898 - Língua Inglesa, Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension, FCC, 2025, Prefeitura de São Paulo - SP, Auditor Municipal de Controle Interno - AMCI Area de Especialização: Geral

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Climate change can affect mental health. Now these Californians are doing something about it 


by Shreya Agrawal

October 10, 2023 


     The facts of climate change can lead to feelings of hopelessness and despair. Some California activists are creating communities for people to talk about those feelings.


      Maksim Batuyev's college studies on the climate crisis left him feeling depressed.


     “I was questioning the sheer gravity of it all and how all of it is systemic. None of it has an easy solution," he said. “That really started to bring me into some dark places."


    During his senior year at Michigan State University, in 2020, he started talking online to people from around the world about their emotions related to climate change, which ranged from feeling overwhelmed and scared about the future to grieving the parts of nature that have already been lost.


    “They sounded just like me,” he said. “And it sounded like too much for one person to take on.”


   He decided to do something about it. In 2022, he and climate activist Cindy Pace started informal gatherings in Los Angeles to talk about climate emotions. These groups, commonly known as climate cafés, encourage various kinds of people to come together and talk about their climate feelings in moderated discussions.


    Those meetups represent one of the small ways young Californians are beginning to address the global climate crisis as a mental health crisis. Popular organizations and nonprofits are offering community-based therapy solutions, such as climate cafés, urban gardens, and other events where people can come together and talk. Some are turning to nature-based therapy, also known as ecotherapy, which involves spending time in nature to enable growth and healing.


    But mental health advocates say the largely people-driven efforts are not nearly enough to meet the needs of younger generations. They say more resources and funding are needed to build stronger community-based systems and to provide a good alternative to therapy, which can often be expensive and less accessible.


   “It's clear young people are focused on climate change  and for good reason. A lot of past policies, actions, and inactions have created a situation that has folks very worried about the future, and I share that worry," said State Senator Ben Allen, the Redondo Beach Democrat who sponsored the 2017 budget item that funded the school program. “I hope that elected officials, industry leaders, and others in positions of power listen to what they're asking for and respond with the urgency it demands.”


    But the ultimate cure to eco-anxiety, Batuyev said, is to solve the climate problem.


(Adapted from https:llcalmatters.org/health/mental-health/2023/10climate-change-califormia-youth-mental-health!) 

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