Questões sobre Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

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(1º§) Ann Fortune FitzRoy, the Duchess of Grafton, passed away aged 101. Her death is another blow for the Queen and comes less than a year since Her Majesty's husband Prince Philip, who she called her "strength and guide" died aged 99 in April and her grandson Prince Harry and Meghan Markle left for the US. Fortune served the Royal Household for the monarch's entire 69-year reign and made her Majesty the godmother to her second daughter, Lady Virginia FitzRoy, in 1954.

(2º§) The Duchess was appointed the Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order in 1980 - an award made personally by the Queen for services to the sovereign. Few people have had such long-standing and close relations with the Queen. She was one of only two Mistress of the Robes during the Queen's reign - formerly a role wielding responsibility for the monarch's clothes and jewellery.

(3º§) Now mostly a honorary title, the Mistress of the Robes also has a more invisible role of being a source of friendship and advice for the Queen. The Duchess was known for executing her duties faultlessly and never spoke about her responsibilities with the Royal Family in depth.

(4º§) She attended all of the most important royal events, such as state visits and the State Opening of Parliament while also being in charge of the rota of ladies-in-waiting. She accompanied the Queen during her trip to Nigeria in 1956 and trips to Paris in 1972 and Russia in 1994. In 1980, during a visit to Morocco, the Duchess was ordered to leave then-ruler King Hassan's compound despite having been invited to stay.

(5º§) Born in 1920 as Anne Fortune Smith, she married the 11th Duke of Grafton Hugh FitzRoy in 1946 and they had five children before his death in April 2011. Fortune took on the title of Duchess of Grafton after the death of his father. The duchess joined the Royal Household on the year of Queen Elizabeth's Coronation in 1953 as Lady of the Bedchamber for the Queen. She became Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in the New Year's Honours list 1965 and was one of her Majesty's closest friends.


Adapted - https://www.thesun.co.uk/fabulous/16949721/queens-confidante-duchess -grafton-dies-101/


Which one could be better for the title of the text?

Friday the 13th is considered a day on which bad things occur. It is a superstition. A superstition is a belief in something ominous without an actual reason. The origin of this superstition is unclear. Both Friday and the number 13 have been considered unlucky for hundreds of years. Bad luck associated with the number 13 may have biblical roots. Some believe Eve bit the apple from the Tree of Knowledge on the 13th day. Others point to the idea that there were 13 people present for Jesus’s Last Supper, the day before Good Friday. The number 13 was considered so unlucky, that many hotels and buildings were built without a 13th floor! It wasn’t until the 20th century, however, that Friday and “13” were paired together in bad luck. In 1907, author Thomas Lawson wrote Friday, the Thirteenth. The book was about a stock broker who purposely caused the stockmarket to crash on that day.

The Friday the 13th superstition, however, gained serious traction with the Friday the 13th horror film series. Originally released in 1980, the story centers around the “ghost” of Jason Voorhees. In the movie, Jason, with his iconic hockey mask, hunts the hapless characters who come to vacation at Crystal Lake – the lake he drowned in as a child. Twelve movies later, the Friday the 13th series remains one of the most successful horror film franchises in history.

Is Friday the 13th actually unlucky compared to other days? Not really. There is no actual evidence to suggest that events that have occurred on Friday the 13th throughout history are worse than events that have occurred on other days. Some studies have shown that Friday the 13th is actually safer than other days because people are more anxious and attentive. People may actually find Friday the 13th to be lucky. It is thought that air travel is cheaper and booking a wedding is much cheaper on Friday the 13th than on other days. It is clear, however, that Friday the 13th will be around for a long time. Over the next 4,800 months, the 13th will occur on Friday more than any other day!



According to the text, when were Friday and the number 13 first paired together in bad luck?

What is the process we should teach? It is the process of discovery through language. It is the process of exploration of what we know and what we feel about what we know through language. It is the process of using language to learn about our world, to evaluate what we learn about our world, to communicate what we learn about our world. Instead of teaching finished writing, we should teach unfinished writing, and glory in its unfinishedness. We work with language in action. We share with our students the continual excitement of choosing one word instead of another, of searching for the one true word.
Donald M. Murray. Teach Writing as a Process Not Product. The Leaflet, November 1972, pp. 11-14. Based on the text above, choose the correct option. 

This Is Just To Say

I have eaten

the plums 

that were in

the icebox


and which

you were probably

saving

for breakfast


Forgive me

they were delicious

so sweet

and so cold

William Carlos Williams. This Is Just to Say. The Collected Poems. Volume I,

1909-1939, 1983. In: Internet:<https://www.poetryfoundation.org>.


Considering the ideas and linguistic characteristics of the poem presented above, choose the correct option. 


Text 4A2-I

No utterance or written text is ever fully explicit, completely freestanding. To be understood, any text must be read in the light of prior knowledge, background information, expectations about genre and about sequence — all the aspects often considered together as “context”. Many of these factors are culturally specific, varying across languages and even within the various English-speaking communities and nations of the world. Oscar Wilde once called England and the United States “two countries divided by a common language”, and any American who has ever been asked by an English host or hostess when he or she would like to be “knocked up in the morning” knows that the common language can divide and lead to some potentially disastrous misunderstandings. We expect problems when communicating with speakers of other languages; more startling, however, is that such problems often occur between speakers of the same language.
These problems grow more acute when one is dealing with written texts, since the opportunity for clarifying discussion disappears, and they grow yet more acute with literary texts, which tend to lack some of the specifying contexts that head off misunderstandings in non-literary forms of discourse.

Reed Way Dasenbrock. Intelligibility and Meaningfulness in Multicultural Literature in English.
PMLA 102, n. 1, jan, 1987. Cambridge Univesity Press. 1987. p. 10-19. In:
Internet::<https://www.jstor.org/stable/462488> .


Choose the correct option regarding the ideas and linguistic aspects of text 4A2-I.

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