Questões do ENEM ENEM

De vez em quando, nas redes sociais, a gente se pega compartilhando notícias falsas, fotos modificadas, boatos de todo tipo. O problema é quando a matéria é falsa. E, pior ainda, se é uma matéria falsa que não foi criada por motivos humorísticos ou literários (sim, considero o “jornalismo ficcional” uma interessante forma de literatura), mas para prejudicar a imagem de algum partido ou de algum político, não importa de que posição ou tendência. Inventa-se uma arbitrariedade ou falcatrua, joga-se nas redes sociais e aguarda-se o resultado. Nesse caso, a multiplicação da notícia falsa (que está sempre sujeita a ser denunciada juridicamente como injúria, calúnia ou difamação) se dá em várias direções. Antes de curtir, comentar ou compartilhar, procuro checar as fontes, ir aos links originais. TAVARES, B. Disponível em: www.cartafundamental.com.br. Acesso em: 20 jan. 2015 (adaptado).
O texto expõe a preocupação de uma leitora de notícias on-line de que o compartilhamento de conteúdos falsos pode ter como consequência a

April 22, 2012
The Power of Pictures by Vickie An
In February, the group took a photography field trip to Haiti’s La Visite national park. A student holds up a lizard as her classmates snap away. It’s said that a picture is worth a thousand words. Conservation photographer Robin Moore believes this. He especially believes that the stories photographs can tell about the environment can inspire people to care for the earth. “It doesn’t matter what language you speak or what culture you come from, because a photo can speak to everyone,” Moore says. That’s the idea behind Frame of Mind. Moore cofounded the organization last year with environmental educator Deanna Del Vecchio and fellow nature photographer Neil Ever Osborne. The group is on a mission to help young people around the world connect with nature through photography workshops. In August 2011, Frame of Mind hosted its very first workshop with 20 youth journalists in Jacmel, Haiti. The workshop was held in partnership with Conservation International and Panos Caribbean. Each student was given a digital camera to use for the week and was taught how to use it. During the session, the kids learned about the local environment and how it relates to their lives. AN, V. Disponível em: www.timeforkids.com. Acesso em: 1 maio 2012 (adaptado).
Reconhecendo o potencial da fotografia como uma linguagem universal, a organização mencionada intenciona levar

Englishman in New York
I don't drink coffee I take tea my dear I like my toast done on one side And you can hear it in my accent when I talk I'm an Englishman in New York See me walking down Fifth Avenue A walking cane here at my side I take it everywhere I walk I'm an Englishman in New York […] I'm an alien, I'm a legal alien I'm an Englishman in New York I'm an alien, I'm a legal alien I'm an Englishman in New York Modesty, propriety can lead to notoriety You could end up as the only one Gentleness, sobriety are rare in this society At night a candle's brighter than the sun
STING. Nothing Like the Sun. Studio Album. United States: A&M Records, 1987 (fragmento).
Na letra da canção Englishman in New York, a fala do eu lírico evidencia uma atitude de

NYPD 911 OPERATORS Opportunities as a Police Communications Technician Police Communications Technicians (911 Operators/ Radio Dispatchers) Starting Salary: $33,162 and can increase to $44,899
Requirements:
1. Four year high school diploma. 2. New York City residency is required within 90 days of appointment. 3. Must be able to understand and be understood in English. 4. Must pass a drug screening.
APPLICATION FEE: $47.00 - Payable on the day of the test. Disponível em: www.nypdcivilianjobs.com. Acesso em: 17 out. 2013.
Neste anúncio de emprego no Departamento de Polícia da cidade de Nova Iorque, um dos requisitos para se preencher a vaga é

Classifying Philip and Annie wear glasses and so do Jim and Sue, but Jim and Sue have freckles, and Tracey and Sammy too. Philip and Jim are in boy’s group but Philip is tall like Sam whilst Jim is small like Tracey and Sue and Clare and Bill and Fran. Sue is in Guides and football whilst Helen fits in most things — except she’s a girl and quite tall. Jenny is curly and blonde and short whilst Sally is curly but dark; Jenny likes netball, writing and maths but Sally likes no kind of work. Philip and Sam are both jolly, Fran’s best for a quiet chat: now I have freckles, like joking, am tall, curly, dark, in Guides, football and play penny whistles and the piano… how do I fit into all that?
NICHOLS, J. In: COLLIE, J.; LADOUSSE, G. Paths into Poetry. England: Oxford University Press, 1993.
No poema Classifying, a escritora inglesa Judith Nichols compara várias pessoas com o objetivo de