The sentence "Rapid growth in the urban population has aided economic development but also created serious problems for major cities" (L.5-7) means the same as
The bigger and faster urban population grows, the less serious problems are caused.
In text I,
"tempted" (R.1) is the same as attempted.
In text I,
"in principle" (R.22) means in the beginning.
In text LI-I,
"has fueled" (•.1) means has decreased.
In text LI-I,
"Today%u2019s systems" (l.14) is the same as The current systems.
In text LI-I,
"Nation" (•.19) refers to any nation.
In text LI-I,
"capable of developing" (•.25) is synonymous with able to develop.
In text LI-I,
"but the software our systems depend on is fragile" (•.26-27) can be correctly replaced by but the software on which our systems depend is fragile.
In text LI-II,
"stated-owned" (l.1) means owned by the state.
In text LI-II,
"all activities" (•.8) is the same as every activity.