Based on the text, it is correct to infer that...

learning languages at later stages in life is invalidated if we consider the special advantages of early learning.

bilingualism has a negative impact on language development of the first language.

the teaching of second languages to children of primary school age is merely a fashion.

there is a strong argument for the benefits of learning a second language early in life.

learning to read and write in a foreign language is detrimental to general school attainments.